MASSIVE Sale on Over 1000 Halloween Costumes!

Halloween Costume Sale

Amazon is having an incredible sale on over 1,000 Halloween costumes for all fandoms! Whether you’re a superhero, a classic monster, or a beloved character from your favorite show, there’s something for everyone. Use the categories on the left side of the link to narrow down your selection and find the perfect outfit. If you want to ensure your costume arrives in time for Halloween, now is the time to order!

MASSIVE Halloween Costumes Sale (Over 1000 Costumes Available!)

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The Force is Strong With These Star Wars Mosaics [Gallery]

Artist Scadam uses Photoshop to create beautiful illustrations portraying various pop culture characters as they’d look in different art mediums. His latest series illustrate some of the most popular characters from the Star Wars universe as mosaics, and they’re nothing short of stunning!

Leia. Princeps Noster Sanctus.

Kenobi est mihi una spes.

Skywalker Dominus Jedi.

Palpatine dominus noster.

This is the way.

Ashoka quod Fulcrum.

[Source: @scadarts]



Leonard Cohen Sings โ€˜Baby Got Backโ€™ โ€“ Because Even Big Butts Deserve a Hallelujah!

Ever wonder what would happen if Leonard Cohen got really into Sir Mix-A-Lot? Well, thanks to Dustin Ballard of There I Ruined It, we now know! Using AI wizardry, Ballard took Matt Bullโ€™s vocals and turned “Baby Got Back” into a soulful, melancholic anthemโ€”complete with Cohenโ€™s signature sound. Picture this: “I like big butts, and I cannot lie,” delivered with the emotional depth of “Hallelujah.” Itโ€™s the mashup we never knew we needed!

Today’s Hottest Deals: Deadpool & Wolverine Half Heart Necklace Set, ROCCAT Vulcan Mechanical Keyboard, 2TB NVMe M.2 SSD, eufy Robot Vacuum, and MORE!

Deals

For todayโ€™s edition of โ€œDeal of the Day,โ€ here are some of the best deals we stumbled on while browsing the web this morning! Please note that Geeks are Sexy might get a small commission from qualifying purchases done through our posts. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.

Deadpool & Wolverine Half Heart Best Friend Necklace Set$12.99 $7.99

USB C to USB C Cable (3-Pack, 6FT)$9.77 $7.90

ROCCAT Vulcan 121 AIMO Linear Mechanical Titan Switch Full-size PC Gaming Keyboard with Per-key AIMO RGB Lighting, Anodized Aluminum Top Plate and Detachable Palm Rest$29.99 $24.99 (For Prime Members)

SAMSUNG EVO Select 1TB microSDXC Card$109.99 $79.99

Crucial P3 Plus 2TB PCIe Gen4 3D NAND NVMe M.2 SSD$169.99 $112.99

Google Wifi – AC1200 – Mesh WiFi System – Wifi Router – 4500 Sq Ft Coverage – 3 pack$199.99 $139.49

eufy Robot Vacuum 11S MAX, Super Thin, Powerful Suction, Quiet, Self-Charging$249.99 $142.48

Lego Speed Champions Lamborghini Countach Building Set$19.99 $15.99

TEKFUN 2 Pack LCD Writing Tablet with Stylus, 8.5in Erasable Doodle Board$12.99 $4.73 (Clip Coupon at the Link!)

Microsoft Project Professional 2021 for Windows$249.99 $17.97

Microsoft Office Professional Plus 2019 for Windows – $24.97

1minAI: Lifetime Subscription – Why choose between ChatGPT, Midjourney, GoogleAI, and MetaAI when you could get them all in one tool? – $234.00 $39.99

Jupiterโ€™s moons hide giant subsurface oceans โˆ’ Europa Clipper is one of 2 missions on their way to see if these moons could support life

The surface of Europa โ€“ one of Jupiterโ€™s moons โ€“ is a thick layer of solid ice. NASA/JPL-Caltech/SETI Institute, CC BY-SA

Mike Sori, Purdue University

On Oct. 14, 2024, NASA launched a robotic spacecraft named Europa Clipper to Jupiterโ€™s moons. Clipper will reach the ice-covered Jovian moon Europa in 2030 and spend several years collecting and sending valuable data on the moonโ€™s potential habitability back to Earth.

Clipper isnโ€™t the only mission highlighting researchersโ€™ interest in Jupiter and its moons.

On April 13, 2023, the European Space Agency launched a rocket carrying a spacecraft destined for Jupiter. The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer โ€“ or JUICE โ€“ will spend at least three years on Jupiterโ€™s moons after it arrives in 2031.

Iโ€™m a planetary scientist who studies the structure and evolution of solid planets and moons in the solar system.

There are many reasons my colleagues and I are looking forward to getting the data that Europa Clipper and JUICE will hopefully be sending back to Earth in the 2030s. But perhaps the most exciting information will have to do with water. Three of Jupiterโ€™s moons โ€“ Europa, Ganymede and Callisto โ€“ are home to large, underground oceans of liquid water that could support life.

Four moons next to a large red spot on the surface of Jupiter.
This composite image shows, from top to bottom, Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto next to Jupiter. NASA, CC BY-ND

Meet Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto

Jupiter has dozens of moons. Four of them in particular are of interest to planetary scientists.

Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto are, like Earthโ€™s Moon, relatively large, spherical complex worlds. Two previous NASA missions have sent spacecraft to orbit the Jupiter system and collected data on these moons. The Galileo mission orbited Jupiter from 1995 to 2003 and led to geological discoveries on all four large moons. The Juno mission is still orbiting Jupiter today and has provided scientists with an unprecedented view into Jupiterโ€™s composition, structure and space environment.

These missions and other observations revealed that Io, the closest of the four to its host planet, is abuzz with geological activity, including lava lakes, volcanic eruptions and tectonically formed mountains. But it is not home to large amounts of water.

Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, in contrast, have icy landscapes. Europaโ€™s surface is a frozen wonderland with a young but complex history, possibly including icy analogs of plate tectonics and volcanoes. Ganymede, the largest moon in the entire solar system, is bigger than Mercury and has its own magnetic field generated internally from a liquid metal core. Callisto appears somewhat inert compared to the others, but serves as a valuable time capsule of an ancient past that is no longer accessible on the youthful surfaces of Europa and Io.

Most exciting of all: Europa, Ganymede and Callisto all almost certainly possess underground oceans of liquid water.

A diagram showing a cutaway of Europa.
Warmth from Europaโ€™s interior and tidal energy from Jupiter likely maintain a massive liquid ocean beneath the moonโ€™s icy surface. NASA/JPL-Caltech/Michael Carroll

Ocean worlds

Europa, Ganymede and Callisto have chilly surfaces that are hundreds of degrees below zero. At these temperatures, ice behaves like solid rock.

But just like Earth, the deeper underground you go on these moons, the hotter it gets. Go down far enough and you eventually reach the temperature where ice melts into water. Exactly how far down this transition occurs on each of the moons is a subject of debate that scientists hope to resolve with JUICE and Europa Clipper. While the exact depths are still uncertain, scientists are confident that these oceans exist.

The best evidence of these oceans comes from Jupiterโ€™s magnetic field. Saltwater is electrically conductive. So as these moons travel through Jupiterโ€™s magnetic field, they generate a secondary, smaller magnetic field that signals to researchers the presence of an underground ocean. Using this technique, planetary scientists have been able to show that the three moons contain underground oceans. And these oceans are not small โ€“ Europaโ€™s ocean alone might have more than double the water of all of Earthโ€™s oceans combined.

An obvious and tantalizing next question is whether these oceans can support extraterrestrial life. Liquid water is an important piece of what makes for a habitable world, but far from the only requirement for life. Life also needs energy and certain chemical compounds in addition to water to flourish. Because these oceans are hidden beneath miles of solid ice, sunlight and photosynthesis are out. But itโ€™s possible other sources could provide the needed ingredients.

On Europa, for example, the liquid water ocean overlays a rocky interior. That rocky seafloor could provide energy and chemicals through underwater volcanoes that could make Europaโ€™s ocean habitable. But it is also possible that Europaโ€™s ocean is a sterile, inhospitable place โ€“ scientists need more data to answer these questions.

Artist's impression of the JUICE spacecraft approaching Jupiter and the jovian moons.
The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer spacecraft will travel for eight years before reaching Jupiter. ESA/ATG medialab/NASA/JPL/University of Arizona/J. Nichols

Upcoming missions from ESA and NASA

Europa Clipper and JUICE are set up to give scientists game-changing information about the potential habitability of Jupiterโ€™s moons. While both missions will gather data on multiple moons, JUICE will spend time orbiting and focusing on Ganymede, and Europa Clipper will make dozens of close flybys of Europa.

Both of the spacecraft will carry a suite of scientific instruments built specifically to investigate the oceans. Onboard radar will allow Europa Clipper and JUICE to probe into the moonsโ€™ outer layers of solid ice. Radar could reveal any small pockets of liquid water in the ice, or, in the case of Europa, which has a thinner outer ice layer than Ganymede and Callisto, hopefully detect the larger ocean.

Magnetometers will also be on both missions. These tools will give scientists the opportunity to study the secondary magnetic fields produced by the interaction of conductive oceans with Jupiterโ€™s field in great detail and will hopefully give researchers clues to salinity and volumes of the oceans.

Scientists will also observe small variations in the moonsโ€™ gravitational pulls by tracking subtle movements in both spacecraftsโ€™ orbits, which could help determine if Europaโ€™s seafloor has volcanoes that provide the needed energy and chemistry for the ocean to support life.

Finally, both craft will carry a host of cameras and light sensors that will provide unprecedented images of the geology and composition of the moonsโ€™ icy surfaces.

Maybe one day, a spacecraft will be able to drill through the miles of solid ice on Europa, Ganymede or Callisto and explore oceans directly. Until then, observations from spacecraft like Europa Clipper and JUICE are scientistsโ€™ best bet for learning about these ocean worlds.

When Galileo discovered these moons in 1609, they were the first objects known to directly orbit another planet. Their discovery was the final nail in the coffin of the theory that Earth โ€“ and humanity โ€“ resides at the center of the universe. Maybe these worlds have another humbling surprise in store.

This article, originally published April 10, 2023, has been updated with details about the Europa Clipper launch.The Conversation

Mike Sori, Assistant Professor of Planetary Science, Purdue University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

The Simpsons as Horror Movie Characters [Gallery]

Check out this amazing series of illustrations by PB Mahoney Art picturing The Simpsons as various characters from popular horror movies such as Jason from Friday the 13th, Ash from Evil Dead, Dracula, and more! Please note that most of these are available for purchase as prints from the artist’s Etsy shop.

[Source: PB Mahoney Art on Etsy]

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